Disability discrimination occurs when an employee is treated unfairly or unfavourably because of a disability. Under the Equality Act 2010, a disability is defined as a physical or mental impairment that has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on a person's ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities. Discrimination can take many forms, including direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, harassment, and victimization.
To protect employees from disability discrimination, UK law sets out several legal requirements:
Reasonable Adjustments: Employers are required to make reasonable adjustments to the workplace or work practices to accommodate employees with disabilities. This could include modifying equipment, altering working hours, or providing additional support.
Non-Discrimination: Employers must not treat employees less favourably because of their disability. This includes in areas such as recruitment, promotion, training, pay, and dismissal.
Protection from Harassment: Employees with disabilities are protected from harassment related to their disability. Harassment can include unwanted behaviour that creates a hostile or intimidating work environment.
Protection from Victimization: Employees are protected from victimization if they raise concerns about disability discrimination or support a colleague in doing so.
Case Example: Archibald v. Fife Council (2004)
Situation: Archibald, a road sweeper, developed a disability and was unable to continue in her role. She was dismissed after applying for over 100 alternative roles within the council.
Outcome: The House of Lords ruled that the council had failed to make reasonable adjustments by not reassigning her to a suitable role, leading to a successful disability discrimination claim.
Case Example: Cordell v. Foreign and Commonwealth Office (2011)
Situation: Cordell, a deaf diplomat, requested lip-speaker support in her role. The Foreign Office argued that the cost of this adjustment was too high.
Outcome: The Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) found that while the cost was significant, the refusal to provide the adjustment was justified based on the disproportionate financial burden.
Case Example: Nottinghamshire County Council v. Meikle (2004)
Situation: Meikle, a visually impaired teacher, was denied reasonable adjustments, which led to her taking sick leave.
Outcome: The tribunal ruled in Meikle's favor, stating that the council had failed to make reasonable adjustments, and she was awarded compensation for discrimination.
Case Example: Shah v. Lloyds TSB Bank plc (2003)
Situation: Shah, who had a disability, was denied a promotion due to her condition. She claimed that the bank's decision was discriminatory.
Outcome: The tribunal found that the bank had discriminated against Shah by not considering her for the promotion based on her disability.
Case Example: Paterson v. Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis (2007)
Situation: Paterson, a police officer with dyslexia, was denied promotion because of his condition.
Outcome: The tribunal ruled that the police force had failed to make reasonable adjustments for Paterson's dyslexia, resulting in a successful claim for disability discrimination.
Case Example: Griffiths v. Secretary of State for Work and Pensions (2015)
Situation: Griffiths, who had a disability, was dismissed after her employer refused to make adjustments to their absence management policy to accommodate her condition.
Outcome: The Court of Appeal found in favor of Griffiths, stating that the employer should have made reasonable adjustments to the policy.
Case Example: Owen v. Amec Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd (2019)
Situation: Owen, an engineer with a disability, was dismissed after his employer failed to make reasonable adjustments to his role.
Outcome: The tribunal ruled in Owen's favor, stating that the dismissal was discriminatory and awarded him compensation.
Case Example: G4S Cash Solutions (UK) Ltd v. Powell (2016)
Situation: Powell, who developed a back condition, was moved to a less physically demanding role but at a lower salary. He claimed this was discriminatory.
Outcome: The tribunal found in favor of Powell, ruling that the employer should have maintained his salary as a reasonable adjustment for his disability.
Case Example: Aylott v. Stockton on Tees Borough Council (2010)
Situation: Aylott, who had bipolar disorder, was dismissed after the council failed to properly consider reasonable adjustments.
Outcome: The Court of Appeal found that the council's actions amounted to disability discrimination, and Aylott was awarded compensation.
Case Example: J v. DLA Piper UK LLP (2010)
Situation: J, a lawyer with depression, was dismissed after taking extended sick leave. He claimed that the firm failed to make reasonable adjustments.
Outcome: The tribunal ruled that the firm had discriminated against J by not adequately considering adjustments that would have allowed him to return to work.
Our Newcastle employment solicitors can help you to:
Evaluate Your Case: We will thoroughly assess the circumstances surrounding your resignation to determine if you have a strong claim for constructive dismissal.
Gather Evidence: We will assist you in collecting the necessary evidence to support your claim, including documentation of the breach of contract and any relevant communications with your employer.
Negotiate on Your Behalf: If appropriate, we can negotiate with your former employer to seek a settlement before proceeding to a tribunal.
Represent You in Tribunal: Should your case go to tribunal, we will provide expert representation to ensure your rights are protected and to maximize your chances of a successful outcome.